Wireless Sensor Network Design for Paddy Crop Monitoring of Chhattisgarh

Chhattisgarh is a rice-producing land that is why it is called the 'rice bowl'. Farmers here are not inclined to cultivate crops other than paddy as they are completely dependent on the rains. Till now Chhattisgarh comes under a mono-crop belt. Only one fourth to one fifth of the sown area was double cropped so in order to improve the production proposed system will become helpful for farmers. In proposed system we are embedding wireless moisture sensors at different locations in field in order to check the moisture level of earth as Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are increasingly been used in precision agriculture for years. They are used in convergence with other technologies like the Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), miniaturized computer components, automatic control, remote sensing, mobile computing and advanced information processing and telecommunications for modern precision agriculture monitoring. WSN offers several advantages; these includes suitability for distributed data collecting and monitoring in tough environments, capable to control an economical way of climate, irrigation and nutrient supply to produce the best crop condition, increase the production efficiency while decreasing cost and provide the real time information of the fields that enable the farmers to adjust strategies at any time. This paper presents the basic design on the development of WSN for paddy crop monitoring application. The proposed WSN system will be able to communicate each other with lower power consumption in order to deliver their real data collection. The main objective of the new design architecture is to cater the most important and critical issue in WSN, that is power consumption. The design will attempt a sensor node board systems consist of a low power microcontroller so called nano-Watt technology, low-power semiconductor based or MEMS sensors, ZigbeeTM IEEE 802.15.4 wireless transceiver and solar energy source with optimal power management system.